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Barium Titanate (BaTiO₃)

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BaTiO₃ is an excellent photorefractive crystal for self-pumped phase conjugation (SPPC), four-wave mixing and many other photorefractive processes. It has high beam-coupling gain and short beam-coupling rise time. The highest SPPC reflectivity was reported by using BaTiO₃. It can be operated at visible and near-infrared regions and is good for cw four-wave mixing with milliwatts optical power. A few basic parameters of BaTiO₃ are listed as follows:

Basic Properties, Advantages and Specifications

Crystal structure:	Tetragonal, 4mm
Lattice parameters:	a=3.992 A, c=4.036 A
Density:	6.02 g/cm³
Hardness:	Mohs 5
Phase transition temperature:	-90°C; 9°C; 132°C
Electro-optic coefficients:		Unclamped	Clamped
	r₁₃	19.5 pm/V	8 pm/V
	r₃₃	97 pm/V	28 pm/V
	r₄₂	1460 pm/V	820 pm/V
Dielectric constants:	e_a=3600 e_a=2400 e_c=150 e_c=60
Fast buildup time
Low absorption loss in visible and near-infrared range.
High resolution and fidelity of phase-conjugate image
Standard crystal size: 5 x 5 x 5 mm³, 0° or 45°-cut, six faces polished

Note: Please always keep BaTiO₃ crystal at temperature from 10°C to 120°C. Otherwise, the phase transition will happen to damage the photorefraction.